The Second Transmission, or Sarma

The traditions that later evolved (after the Nyingmapa) are collectively known as the Sarma. Led by Rinchen Zangpo (957-1055 C.E.), who had studied in Kashmir in the 10th and 11th centuries, a second wave of translation and interpretation occurred, resulting in the new translation period of the sarma.

The Kadampa tradition is based on the lineages that Atisha transmitted through his disciple, Dromtonpa. The Gelug school, established in the 15th century, is based on this lineage. The Kagyu tradition traces its lineage to Tilopa and Naropa through Marpa and his disciple, Milarepa. The Sakya tradition traces its lineage to Drogmi and Khon Konchog Gyalpo, who transmitted the teachings of the siddha, Virupa.

History & Background